From environmental catastrophe to nature revival: The remarkable transformation of the Étang de Berre

Our small family boat was stationed at Étang de Berre for several years. This weekend, it sailed over to the nearby Mediterranean as we finally secured a coveted spot in a small harbor there. Yet, I fondly reminisce about the moments we spent at Étang.

Once, Étang de Berre was a true natural paradise with a rich flora and fauna. However, its reputation is now more than poor due to the sad environmental disaster triggered by human actions.

From the early 20th century, Étang de Berre became a strategic location for economic activities, leading to the establishment of the first petrochemical industries in the 1920s. The Marseille airport is also situated in close proximity. The lack of adherence to wastewater standards and the influx of industries transformed this natural paradise into an environmental catastrophe. In the subsequent years, this resulted in a significant deterioration of water quality and even a fishing ban in 1957. The construction of a hydroelectric power plant in the 1960s was the final blow to this natural paradise.

Despite these immense ecological challenges, Étang de Berre has made significant progress in recent years. In the 1990s, essential standards to limit industrial wastewater were finally introduced, improving water quality. Nature, too, gradually recovered. Out of the 155 km² area of Étang de Berre, 13 beaches are now known for their "good" or even "excellent" water quality. One beach even received the prestigious Blue Flag for its environmental friendliness. One can enjoy wonderful family moments there, although at many places, the architectural sins of the last century are still visible.

The history of Étang de Berre illustrates that human actions, which once destroyed a natural paradise, can lead to successful nature revival through collective efforts and environmental conservation measures. The lake in Provence is not just a place for safe bathing pleasures but also an example of nature's resilience.